The standard of probable cause can vary from case to case.

The standard depends upon a judge admitting certain evidence into the record or not admitting certain evidence in the record.

Kangaroo Court - Term descriptive of a sham legal proceeding in which a person's rights are totally disregarded and in which the result is a foregone conclusion because of the bias of the court or other tribunal.

Justiciable - Issues and claims capable of being properly examined in court. Juvenile - A person under eighteen years of age

Joint Tenancy - form of legal co-ownership of property also known as survivorship . At the death of one co-owner, the surviving co-owner becomes sole owner of the property. Tenancy by the entirety is a special form of joint tenancy between a husband and wife.

Notice - Formal notification to the individual that has been sued that a civil lawsuit has been filed. Also, any form of notification of a legal proceeding or filing of a document.

Notice of Lis Pendens - notice filed on public records to warn all persons that the title to certain property is in litigation, and that if they purchase or lease that property they are in danger of being bound by an adverse judgment. The notice is for the purpose of preserving rights pending litigation. led, including the preparations for trial, the rules of evidence and trial conduct, and the procedure for pursuing appeals.

Judgment on the Pleadings - Judgment based on the pleadings alone. It is used when there is no dispute as to the facts of the case and one individual is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.

Summary Judgment - Judgment given on the basis of pleadings, affidavits, and exhibits presented for the record without any need for a trial. As with Judgment on the Pleadings, it is used when there is no dispute as to the facts of the case and one individual is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.

Res Judicata - thing or matter already decided by a court. A final judgment upon its the merits is conclusive as to certain rights of the parties and is an absolute bar to a later action involving the same claim, demand, or cause of action. Res judicata bars relitigation of the same legal matter between the same parties where there is a prior judgment. By comparison, collateral estoppel bars relitigation of a particular issue or determinative fact. Compare Collateral Estoppel.

Class Action - lawsuit brought by one or more persons on behalf of a larger group. , suspended license in maryland,

Clear and Convincing Evidence - Standard of proof commonly used in civil lawsuits and in regulatory agency appeals. It governs the amount of proof that that is required in order for the plaintiff to win the legal case. It imposes a greater burden than the preponderance of evidence standard, but less than the criminal standard beyond a reasonable doubt.

Respondent - person against whom an appeal is taken. See Petitioner.

Rest - individual is said to rest or rest its case when it has presented all the evidence it intends to offer.

Restitution - Either financial reimbursement to the victim or community service imposed by the court for a crime.

Civil Procedure - set of rules and process by which a civil case is tried and appea